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Gaseous State formula sheet

Every formula in the Gaseous State chapter for JEE Main, with one line on when it applies. Topic 1 is open to everyone; sign in free to read all 9 and download the PDF.

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How we count: 7× asked means 7 past JEE Main questions in the PrepWiser bank needed that formula, and "last" is the latest year one appeared. ★ marks formulas asked 8 or more times.

Ideal gas equation and the gas laws

Ideal gas equation
9× asked, last 2022
pV=nRT,n=mMpV=nRT,\qquad n=\frac mM
TT in K. RR = 8.314 J mol−1^{-1}K−1^{-1} = 0.0821 L atm mol−1^{-1}K−1^{-1} = 0.083 L bar mol−1^{-1}K−1^{-1}.
Units
760 mm Hg=1 atm,1 bar=105 Pa1 L=10−3 m3\begin{aligned}&760\ \text{mm Hg}=1\ \text{atm},\qquad 1\ \text{bar}=10^5\ \text{Pa}\\&1\ \text{L}=10^{-3}\ \text{m}^3\end{aligned}
1 mol at 1 atm, 27 °C: 24.6 L.
Density and molar mass
5× asked, last 2022
pM=dRT,M=dRTp=mRTpVpM=dRT,\qquad M=\frac{dRT}p=\frac{mRT}{pV}
Fixed pp, TT: d∝Md\propto M. One gas at fixed pp: d∝1/Td\propto1/T. pp–dd at fixed TT: line through origin.
Boyle's law
3× asked, last 2023
p1V1=p2V2(n, T fixed)p_1V_1=p_2V_2\quad(n,\ T\ \text{fixed})
Bulbs joined: pf=∑piVi/∑Vip_f=\sum p_iV_i/\sum V_i. V→0.6VV\to0.6V: pp rises 67%.
Charles's and Gay-Lussac's laws
4× asked, last 2022
V1T1=V2T2 (n,p),p1T1=p2T2 (n,V)\frac{V_1}{T_1}=\frac{V_2}{T_2}\ (n,p),\qquad \frac{p_1}{T_1}=\frac{p_2}{T_2}\ (n,V)
Kelvin only: doubling pp at 27 °C needs 327 °C. Avogadro: V∝nV\propto n at fixed pp, TT.
Combined gas law
2× asked, last 2022
p1V1n1T1=p2V2n2T2\frac{p_1V_1}{n_1T_1}=\frac{p_2V_2}{n_2T_2}
Rigid cylinder at fixed TT: p∝n∝p\propto n\propto gas mass.
Mixture of known mass
n1+n2=pVRT,n1M1+n2M2=massn_1+n_2=\frac{pV}{RT},\qquad n_1M_1+n_2M_2=\text{mass}
Solve the pair for each gas.

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2 more formulas in 1 topic

Mixtures of gases. Read the first part free. Sign in free with Google to read the rest and download the PDF.

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Mixtures of gases

  • Dalton's law of partial pressures7×
  • Gas collected over water1×

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About 45 past JEE Main questions from this chapter, with instant answer checking and step-by-step solutions where available. Free, and you can start without signing up.

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