JEE Main 2021 · 25 February · evening · Single correct · +4 / −1
The correct order of bond dissociation enthalpy of halogens is :
- (a) F₂ > Cl₂ > Br₂ > I₂
- (b) Cl₂ > Br₂ > F₂ > I₂
- (c) I₂ > Br₂ > Cl₂ > F₂
- (d) Cl₂ > F₂ > Br₂ > I₂
Answer and solution
Answer (b) Cl₂ > Br₂ > F₂ > I₂
Solution
Chemistry ma’am · 3 steps
Bonds weaken down the group as atoms grow, but fluorine is the exception: tiny and crowded with lone pairs.
- General trend. Going down group 17, the atoms get bigger and the bond gets longer. The orbital overlap gets weaker, so the bond dissociation enthalpy falls from Cl₂ to Br₂ to I₂.
- Fluorine breaks it. The F atom is very small, so the F–F bond is short. The lone pairs on the two F atoms sit very close and repel each other strongly, and this weakens the bond. So F₂ falls far below Cl₂, and even below Br₂.
Halogen Bond dissociation enthalpy (kJ mol⁻¹) Rank Cl₂ 242.6 1st Br₂ 192.8 2nd F₂ 158.8 3rd I₂ 151.1 4th - So. The order is Cl₂ > Br₂ > F₂ > I₂, which is option (b).
The idea to keep. For X₂ bond enthalpy, Cl₂ is the strongest and I₂ the weakest. F₂ is anomalously weak because its lone pairs repel across a very short bond.
Answer from the NTA final answer key. Solution by PrepWiser.