JEE Main 2022 · 27 June · evening · Single correct · +4 / −1

The equation of a particle executing simple harmonic motion is given by x = sin π ( t + 1/3 )m. At t = 1s, the speed of particle will be
(Given : π = 3.14)

  1. (a) 0 cm s⁻¹
  2. (b) 157 cm s⁻¹
  3. (c) 272 cm s⁻¹
  4. (d) 314 cm s⁻¹
Answer and solution

Answer (b) 157 cm s⁻¹

Solution

Physics sir · 4 steps

Differentiate x once to get velocity, then put t = 1 s into the cosine and take its size.

  1. Read the equation. Compare x = sin π(t + 1/3) with x = A sin(ω t + φ). The amplitude is A = 1 m and ω = π rad s⁻¹.
  2. Velocity. Velocity is the time derivative of displacement. The chain rule brings out a factor of π.

    v = dx/dt = π cos π(t + 1/3)

  3. Put in time. At t = 1 s the phase is π(1 + 1/3) = 4π/3, and cos 4π/3 = -1/2. So v = -π/2 = -3.14/2 = -1.57 m s⁻¹.
  4. So. Speed is the size of the velocity: 1.57 m s⁻¹ = 157 cm s⁻¹, which is option (b).

The idea to keep. In SHM, speed at an instant comes from v = Aω cos(ω t + φ). Find the phase first, then the cosine. The full Aω is only the maximum speed, reached at the mean position.

Answer from the NTA final answer key. Solution by PrepWiser.

Study Simple Harmonic Motion

Asked about 130 times in JEE Main since 2020. This question is from 2022.