The correct statement/s about Hydrogen bonding is/are
A. Hydrogen bonding exists when H is covalently bonded to the highly electro negative atom.
B. Intermolecular H bonding is present in o-nitro phenol
C. Intramolecular H bonding is present in HF.
D. The magnitude of H bonding depends on the physical state of the compound.
E. H-bonding has powerful effect on the structure and properties of compounds
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Solution

Chemistry ma’am · 2 steps

Check each statement alone, and ask where each H-bond sits: inside one molecule or between two.

1. Statement A. A hydrogen bond forms when H is covalently bonded to a small, highly electronegative atom such as F, O or N. That bond leaves H with a partial positive charge, which is attracted to a lone pair on a nearby electronegative atom. True.

   Statement	What is really true	Verdict
   B: intermolecular in o-nitrophenol	The ortho -OH and -NO₂ groups H-bond to each other, closing a ring within one molecule. That is intramolecular.	False
   C: intramolecular in HF	An HF molecule cannot H-bond to itself. Its H-bonds link different molecules into zig-zag chains, so they are intermolecular.	False
   D: depends on physical state	H-bonding is strongest in the solid, weaker in the liquid and weakest in the gas, where molecules are far apart.	True
   E: powerful effect on structure and properties	It explains the high boiling point of water, the open cage structure of ice and the solubility of alcohols in water.	True

2. So. A, D and E are correct, while B and C have the two kinds of H-bonding swapped. The answer is (c).

The idea to keep. Neighbouring ortho groups that can H-bond give intramolecular bonding, as in o-nitrophenol. Small molecules like HF and H₂O H-bond only with neighbours: intermolecular.

Answer from the NTA final answer key. Solution by PrepWiser.