Electrostatics II: Potential & Capacitance JEE Main PYQs, 2020 to 2025

Two metal spheres of radius R and 3R have same surface charge density σ. If they are brought in contact and then separated, the surface charge density on smaller and bigger sphere becomes σ₁ and σ₂, respectively. The ratio $\frac{\sigma_1}{\sigma_2}$ is

A parallel plate capacitor consisting of two circular plates of radius 10 cm is being charged by a constant current of 0.15 A . If the rate of change of potential difference between the plates is $7 \times 10^8 \mathrm{~V} / \mathrm{s}$ then the integer value of the distance between the parallel plates is

A parallel plate capacitor of capacitance 1 µF is charged to a potential difference of 20 V. The distance between plates is 1 µm. The energy density between plates of capacitor is :

Three capacitors of capacitances $25 \mu \mathrm{F}, 30 \mu \mathrm{F}$ and $45 \mu \mathrm{F}$ are connected in parallel to a supply of $100 \mathrm{~V}$. Energy stored in the above combination is E. When these capacitors are connected in series to the same supply, the stored energy is $\frac{9}{x} \mathrm{E}$. The value of $x$ is _________.

Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).

Assertion (A) : Work done by electric field on moving a positive charge on an equipotential surface is always zero.

Reason (R) : Electric lines of forces are always perpendicular to equipotential surfaces.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :